What will happen if the Sun becomes a black hole: consequences of the apocalypse

The impenetrable darkness of the Universe contains many mysteries and secrets. The distant cosmos, despite the significant progress in its development in our days, from ancient times makes a person feel fear of the unknown, peering into the starry sky. Sometimes even mystical fantasies may come to mind, entailing global catastrophes and the death of all living things, for example, a meteorite falling onto the Earth or turning the Sun into a black hole. We will consider the possible consequences of such a cataclysm and figure out what will happen to people if the Sun goes out forever.

Can the sun turn into a black hole

A black hole is a space object with such a force of gravity that even particles of light cannot leave its limits. There are many types of black holes, but the most studied are black holes of stellar masses that arise as a result of the death of a star. At this moment, the substances of the space object begin to compress to a critical mass, turning into a point. This point is called a singularity, and any information about an object that has fallen into it from the universe disappears in it. The singularity point is surrounded by an event horizon, which is considered the conditional boundary of a black hole. Inside the event horizon, physical laws are distorted, objects inside it begin to move in time and space, and cause-effect relationships are violated. Once beyond the event horizon, the opportunity to return disappears, since the singularity point has too high an attractive force.

A black hole is a cosmic object with tremendous force of attraction, in which all physical laws are distorted

As for the Sun, scientists have estimated that it will turn into a red giant in 5 billion years, while the boundaries of the star reach the Earth’s atmosphere. Then the sun will begin to rapidly contract under the influence of gravity, turning into a white dwarf. Compression will stop when the star reaches the size of the present Earth, while the density of the Sun will be approximately equal to 1000 tons per cubic centimeter. All the same, the gravitational force is not enough to make the Sun become a black hole, as a rule, they become stars with a mass of two and a half times more.

The sun is too small to explode and turn into a black hole

What happens if the sun turns into a black hole

If we discard everything and imagine that the Sun has turned into a black hole, then we can predict a certain scenario. At the same time, nothing terrible will happen, for example, a black hole will not absorb the Earth because of its small size, since the Sun, in order to become a singularity point, must decrease to 6 kilometers in diameter. Its mass will not change, but will only be concentrated in an object of a significantly smaller size, respectively, the gravitational field of other planets will also not be affected. Thus, we can predict the following chronology of events after the disappearance of the star:

1. The first time, namely 8 minutes 20 seconds, we will not feel or notice anything, since the rays of the already extinguished Sun will reach the Earth. Then it will become sharply dark, but the light reflected from other planets located farther than the Earth will be visible.
   

   8 minutes after the explosion of the Sun, it will become dark, but the light of other planets located further will be visible

2. With the onset of eternal night, the surface temperature of the planet will begin to decrease. If now it is approximately equal to 15 degrees Celsius, then after 7-8 days it will fall to zero.
   

   A week after the explosion of the Sun, the surface temperature of the Earth will drop to zero

3. Without light, photosynthesis in plants stops, they stop producing oxygen, and then die from the cold. True, oxygen reserves in the atmosphere will last for several thousand years.
   

   Plants will die from darkness and cold

4. In a year, the Earth’s surface temperature will reach minus 75 degrees Celsius, all animals and plants that will not be placed in special heated polygons will die from the cold. Survivors will be able to feel good and even go fishing, as the temperature of the water will be higher than the temperature of the surface of the earth.
   

   In a year, the temperature on the surface of the earth will drop to -75 degrees

5. After 3 years, all the oceans will be covered with ice, but life under its thickness will continue.
   

   3 years after the explosion of the Sun, the oceans will be covered with ice

6. After 20 years, the average temperature of the Earth’s surface will drop to about 170 degrees, and the air will fall in the form of dew, changing its state of aggregation. People can only live deep underground, heating from geothermal sources that draw energy from the temperature of the Earth's core.
   

   20 years after the explosion of the sun, people can only live in cities deep underground

7. Even after the complete death of humanity, a large number of inhabitants will remain on our planet in the form of bacteria and other unicellular organisms that are able to live without sunlight, air and gravity.

Black holes are one of the most life-threatening phenomena in the universe that are discovered today. They arise after the death of stars, but the Sun does not expect this because of its small size. If we assume that the luminary nevertheless turned into a black hole, then humanity expects a complete disappearance within 20 years.