Do-it-yourself sewerage for a bath: possible schemes and an independent device

Sewerage is not a very poetic subject, but the most convinced romantic cannot do without this modern convenience. Even such a relatively small structure as a bathhouse needs the correct disposal of wastewater. In order for the sewage system for the bathhouse to be arranged correctly, you need to think about it already at the design stage.

How to choose the type of sewer?

The type and arrangement of sewage in a bath can be very different. To choose the most suitable design for specific conditions, you must consider:

• type of soil on the site;
• soil freezing depth in winter;
• size and predicted intensity of use of the bath;
• the presence of an existing sewage system on the site;
• the ability to connect to a centralized sewer system.

For sandy soils that absorb water well, a drainage well is a good option.

For clay soils, this method is not suitable, here it will be more appropriate to organize a pit from which sewage must be periodically removed. The design scheme for the bathtub sewerage should be made taking into account the level of soil freezing, so that when the temperature drops drastically, the sewage does not freeze, damaging the sewage system. An effective solution can be a septic tank device, which can also be made independently from improvised materials, for example, a pair of plastic barrels.

The correct sewerage system for the bath will give real comfort

If you plan to install a large bath, which will be used often, then the sewage system should be arranged somewhat more complicated and more solid. If there is a system for removing wastewater from the house, it would be logical to connect to it the drains from the bathhouse. If you have access to the central sewage system, you should plan to connect to it and forget about the regular export of sewage.

Drainage well device

The drainage well is an ordinary hole that is dug up near the bathhouse. The depth of the pit should be sufficient so that the wastewater does not freeze in winter, i.e., the depth of freezing plus the level of runoff should be taken into account. For example, if the soil freezes by 0.7 m, then the minimum depth of the drainage pit should be 1.5 m.

To arrange a drainage sewer system, you must:

1. Dig in a suitable place the drainage well of the required depth.
2. Dig a trench connecting the bathhouse and the well.
3. Lay a 10-centimeter layer of clay at the bottom of the pit.
4. Cover with clay a trench and land adjacent to the foundation. The clay in the trench should be leveled so that a sufficient slope appears in the direction from the bath to the pit.
5. On the clay bottom of the pit, arrange a drainage filter made of expanded clay, crushed stone, gravel mixed with sand, fine brick bricks, etc. The height of the drainage pillow is about 50 cm.
6. Cover the drainage pillow with earth and tamp it.
7. Insulate the waste pipe coming out of the bathhouse.

On light sandy soils, a less laborious horizontal drainage can be arranged. This requires a trench 100X30 cm with a depth of 100 cm. Its bottom is covered with 20 cm of a layer of drainage material and covered with compacted soil. A drainage well device is the simplest answer to the question of how to make a sewer in a bathhouse on light soils.

Creating a drainage well may require significant excavation

How to make a pit yourself?

The pit looks like a capacity in the ground for the accumulation of effluents, which, reaching a certain level, are removed from it outside the site. The bottom and walls of the pit are covered with any suitable material that does not allow water to pass through.

The main problem of the pit, unlike the drainage system, is the high concentration of unpleasant odors that can penetrate the bathhouse. A water shutter helps to cope with the problem. Arrange it like this:

1. The input of the drain pipe is equipped 10-12 cm from the bottom of the pit.
2. A plate is attached to the top and sides of the pipe.
3. Between the plate and the bottom there is a space of about 5 cm high, in which a water lock forms.

If you use very durable plastic pipes for the sewer system, it will be possible to arrange a full bathroom in the same room. Of course, this should take into account the increase in the volume of effluents.

The scheme of the pit under the wash room

When can a septic tank be needed?

If a bathroom is planned in the bathhouse, then in accordance with hygiene standards, wastewater must be sent to a septic tank. It is not difficult to arrange a septic tank. To do this, you must:

1. Arrange a foundation pit for a septic tank. Optimal if it reaches a layer of gravel or sand.
2. Concrete pit.
3. Install two septic tanks in the pit, for example, plastic barrels. One of them should be perforated, i.e. covered with holes.
4. Connect the containers with a plastic pipe.
5. Bring a sewer pipe to one of the tanks, through which sewage will come from the bath.
6. Install the septic tank overlap and close it with a lid.

The principle of operation of the septic tank is based on the fact that the effluents first decompose in the first tank under the action of anaerobic bacteria, and then they enter the soil from the second tank, receiving additional purification due to the drainage layer.

The septic tank also allows you to optimally solve the problem of sewage in the bath, but it requires a sufficiently large investment of material resources and time

If the volume of the septic tank is large enough, no waste water will be needed. In our opinion, this is one of the best options today in terms of price / quality ratio.