Do-it-yourself Abyssinian well: everything about the self-assembly of a needle well

The easiest way to provide a summer cottage with water is to make an Abyssinian well with your own hands. Five to ten hours after the start of work, the owners of the cottage will receive the first liters of their own clean water. The equipment that is used in this case is so compact that it is possible to build an Abyssinian well even in the basement of a residential building or in the inspection hole of a garage.

Principles of creating an Abyssinian well

The design idea is very simple and consists of piercing the soil to a depth of the aquifer by a pipe with a diameter of about one inch. To do this, a thin tip is attached to the end of the pipe, thanks to which a needle hole is created.

In this case, pipes with a diameter of only an inch and a half are used. A self-priming pump mounted on a recessed pipe works on the principle of creating a vacuum. If there is not enough water from the finished well, another do-it-yourself needle well can be constructed on the site.

The location of the classic water intake workings: as you can see here, the Abyssinian well can be built on light sandy soil

Despite the relatively low labor and material costs for creating such a well, it is far from possible to arrange it in every section. First of all, you should make sure that the water level that is reached after opening the aquifer is no more than 8 meters (the so-called piezometric level). This does not mean that the depth of well drilling or needle passage will certainly be 8 meters. It can reach 10-15 meters, and in some cases for the Abyssinian well one has to go deep even by 20-30 meters.

Find out the magnitude of the piezometric water level in the area by interviewing neighbors who already have a well or well. If it turns out that the water is a little deeper, a meter or two, it is still possible to make a well of this type, but for this you will need to go deep into the ground a couple of meters.

It is also necessary to correctly assess the condition of the soil. On light sandy soils, the Abyssinian well can be made without any problems. But if the soil is too hard, containing boulders and stones, the project will have to be abandoned.

Pipe, filter needle and other nuances

The functioning of any well, including the Abyssinian well, depends on the quality of the pipe. It is best to use inch or one and a half inch pipes, metal or plastic, which are cut into pieces 1-2 meters long. As you dive, the pipes are extended to the required length using threaded connections. They are compacted using plumbing flax, silicone, oil paint, etc.

In addition, special couplings are used. It is very important that the pipe connection is as reliable as possible. Any leakage will damage the entire structure.

The diameter of the tip should be slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe to ensure free movement of the structure in the thickness of the soil

At the end of the pipe, it is necessary to mount a special filter needle, which will facilitate the penetration of the pipe into the ground, protect the device of the Abyssinian well from siltation, and also ensure the purity of the incoming water. It is best if the needle is made of the same material as the main pipe. This will prevent possible electrochemical corrosion.

To make a filter needle from a galvanized metal pipe, you must:

1. Drill holes in the pipe with a diameter of 5-8 mm, placing them in a checkerboard pattern.
2. Solder the stainless steel mesh on top. As an alternative to the grid, you can use a wire that is wound on the perforated end of the pipe, leaving a gap between the turns. The wire also needs to be soldered.
3. Weld a spear tip to the end of the pipe. Its diameter should be slightly larger than the dimensions of the pipe so that the structure following the needle moves freely in the thickness of the soil.

As solder, it is recommended to use only pure tin. Solder with impurities of lead for the Abyssinian well is unacceptable, since it can cause serious poisoning of water.

Reinforced polypropylene pipe is quite suitable for such a well. To make a filter needle from a PVC pipe:

1. Insert the filter screen into the pipe.
2. Fasten the mesh by fusion.
3. Perforate the pipe by making slots on its surface with a hacksaw.

To perform these operations, some experience with PVC pipes is required.

All necessary materials can be purchased separately in construction stores, however, a ready-made kit for the Abyssinian well will save time and effort.

Which is better - to hammer or drill?

To make the Abyssinian well on their own, two methods are used: driven and small diameter drilling. For driving a structure into the ground, a “clogged woman" is usually used. At the same time, water is constantly added to the pipe. When the water drains sharply into the soil, the structure is deepened by about another half a meter, after which you can proceed with the installation of the pump.

When creating Abyssinian wells, it is easier and more convenient to drill a small diameter well

For self-creation of the Abyssinian well, the driven method is excellent, but when using it, one should take into account a number of dangers. There is a chance to go past the aquifer. In addition, if a stone is encountered at great depths, the structure may be completely damaged.

The method of preliminary drilling with a small diameter requires the involvement of a team with special equipment, but it guarantees the presence of water in the well. This method is clearly presented in the video:

It is also recommended to pour one or two bags of marble chips into the well to create an additional filtering loop and prevent siltation of the structure.

Classic construction work

The task of driving the pipe into the ground looks quite simple. However, for all operations to be successful, a number of nuances should be taken into account. Experienced builders recommend making the Abyssinian well as follows:

1. Select and mark a place for a well.
2. Dig a hole of approximately one cubic meter.
3. Go through the topsoil with a garden drill to remove part of the soil.
4. Proceed with driving the pipe into the soil using a load of approximately 30 kg (cast-iron woman, “pancakes” from the bar, etc.) or start drilling.
5. The pipe should be in the center of the pit, a certain amount of soil is gradually poured to it, which is compacted.
6. Sequentially screw additional lengths onto the main pipe to ensure the required length.
7. After the aquifer is reached, the filter should be washed from clay with water, which is supplied under pressure.
8. Install a manual piston pump and pump out the cloudy water layer so that the water becomes clean.
9. Concrete the area around the well to prevent sewage and dirt from entering the well.

After mounting the well, it connects to the home water supply system, if necessary.

Abyssinian wells are durable and easy to operate, the main thing is a suitable place

The advantage of Abyssinian wells is not only the simplicity of the design. They are durable and very easy to use. These are small devices that will not cause any serious damage to the landscape. For their construction and operation do not need wide access roads. Finally, if necessary, you can remove the pipe from the ground and install it in another suitable place. At the same time, the water coming from the Abyssinian well always remains fresh and clean.